Volume: 2 Issue: 4 (July - August 2026)
| Sr No. | Paper Information |
|---|---|
| 1 |
Author(s):
Deepak Sharma.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
1-7 |
From Swadeshi to National Planning: Subhas Chandra Bose and the Economic Reconstruction of IndiaAbstractThis paper examines Subhash Chandra Bose's intellectual and ideological contributions to Indian nationalist thought, focusing on his distinctive adaptation and evolution of Swadeshi philosophy. Unlike conventional interpretations that limited Swadeshi to economic boycott, Bose synthesized economic self-reliance with comprehensive national reconstruction, industrialization, and social transformation. Through analysis of his presidential addresses, correspondence, and institutional initiatives—including the National Planning Committee (1938) and the Indian National Army—this research demonstrates how Bose transformed Swadeshi from a reactive economic strategy into a proactive framework for national regeneration. His vision encompassed centralized economic planning, military modernization, women's emancipation, and secular nationalism, offering a distinctive alternative to Gandhian economic philosophy. The paper argues that Bose's integrated approach to sovereignty—combining political freedom with economic independence and social justice—provides enduring insights for contemporary debates on development, self-reliance, and national identity in postcolonial India. | |
| 2 |
Author(s):
Anupam Nandy, Dr. Udaybhanu Bhattacharyya.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Other > Rural Tourism
Page No:
8-22 |
Entrepreneurial Marketing and Livelihood Dynamics of Rural Homestays in West Bengal : A Comparative Study of Kalimpong and South 24 Parganas DistrictsAbstractHomestays represent a quintessential sub-sector of tourism entrepreneurship, offering visitors a homely milieu equipped with basic amenities, authentic home-cooked cuisine and immersive cultural experiences. Catalysed by the West Bengal Homestay Tourism Policy (2017 & 2022), over 95% of these ventures currently operate in the rural hinterlands. Despite extensive global literature on homestay marketing, empirical research on the marketing dynamics of registered homestays in rural West Bengal remains scarce. Addressing this gap, this study investigates homestay proprietors' socio-economic profiles, focusing on entrepreneurial marketing strategies and livelihood generation. Employing Simple Random Sampling Without Replacement (SRSWOR), primary data was elicited from 140 registered homestays (84 in Kalimpong; 56 in South 24 Parganas) across eight villages. Spatially, 45.24% of Kalimpong ventures operate in Kashyong Khasmahal, while 48.21% of southern counterparts cluster in Jharkhali. For business-to-business (B2B) linkages, northern entrepreneurs collaborate with travel agencies and transport operators, whereas southern proprietors partner with tourist guides and agencies. Across both districts, proprietors effectively leverage direct-to-consumer (D2C) platforms (Facebook, WhatsApp, Google Maps, MakeMyTrip) to sustain occupancy. Regarding socio-economic impact, homestays constitute the primary livelihood for 42.86% of Kalimpong proprietors, juxtaposed against only 23.21% in South 24 Parganas. To augment household incomes, Kalimpong entrepreneurs engage in secondary occupations like plantation labour, chauffeuring or horticulture. Conversely, South 24 Parganas proprietors rely on agriculture, pisciculture, casual labour or NGO coordination for economic sustenance. | |
| 3 |
Author(s):
Dr. Sanjay Kumar, Divyansh Sinha.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Humanities
Page No:
23-32 |
The Inner Grip of Patriarchy: Internalised Oppression and Resistance among Dalit Women in P. Sivakami’s The Grip of ChangeAbstractThis paper looks at the idea of patriarchy and self-policing among Dalit women in P. Sivakami’s The Grip of Change. The paper is not about how men have power over women, but also about how women follow the rules that society makes for them, and they do this without even thinking about it. The Grip of Change shows this through the character of Thangam and other women in the story. We see how things like caste and tradition, and patriarchal values become a part of the life of Dalit women and how these things affect the way Dalit women think. Dalit women like Thangam are influenced by these things. They start to police themselves, which means they start to follow the rules that restrict their freedom. The thing is, women are not just oppressed by the world around them and by men. They also have this oppression inside their minds. If we look at things from a Dalit point of view and really examine the text, we can see how this happens. It shows us that the way society is set up works with the thoughts and feelings that women have about themselves to keep things unfair. The paper says that Dalit women have to fight for the freedom to make their choices in two ways: against the world outside and against the thoughts and beliefs they have inside. Dalit women will not really be free until they question these thoughts and beliefs they have inside. | |
| 4 |
Author(s):
Akshit.
Country:
India
Research Area:
History
Page No:
33-39 |
Food Politics in Ancient India: Caste, Purity and Power (An Analysis of Dietary Regulations, Ritual Hierarchies, and Authority from the Vedic to the Early Medieval Era)AbstractFar from being a mere biological requirement, food operates as a critical mechanism for articulating identity, enforcing social boundaries, and asserting institutional power. This study investigates the political dimensions of culinary practices and dietary regimes in ancient India from the Vedic era through the early medieval period. Employing a socio-historical and anthropological analytical lens, this paper demonstrates that food was utilized both as a tangible economic asset and a potent ideological resource through which elite factions and religious institutions established authority and reproduced stratified caste hierarchies. Four primary thematic domains are explored: the economic and ideological dynamics of meat consumption in the Vedic phase, the diverging dietary ethics championed by Brahmanical and Buddhist paradigms, the rise of institutional temple kitchens as mechanisms for socioeconomic redistribution and containment, and the application of ritual fasting as a mode of body discipline and community control. Rather than projecting vegetarianism or structural purity rules as unchanging essences of South Asian civilization, this paper charts their historical evolution against changing agrarian structures, state formation, and active inter-religious competition. Drawing upon textual lineages including Vedic collections, Dharmashastra legal text corpora, Buddhist canonical codes, and early medieval epigraphic records, this paper illustrates that dietary strictures were highly responsive historical structures through which social stratification and political legitimacy were continuously contested and consolidated. | |